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Why Choose Sodium ion Battery
1. Industry demand: Sodium ion batteries have obvious advantages in resource, cost, and performance, and are based in the three major markets of energy storage, two wheeled vehicles, and A00 class vehicles, with strong demand. The principle of sodium ion batteries is similar to that of lithium-ion batteries, and some processes and equipment can be shared with lithium-ion batteries, accelerating the industrialization process. Compared to lithium iron phosphate and lead-acid batteries, sodium ion batteries have significant advantages
1) Resource side: Global lithium resource reserves are scarce, and lithium reserves are particularly scarce and difficult to extract. Sodium with high abundance and good performance is expected to replace lithium as a new load ion.
2) Cost side: The price of sodium positive electrode material is low and aluminum foil is used as the bipolar collector. We calculate that the cost of sodium electricity before and after mass production is 0.78 yuan/Wh and 0.5 yuan/Wh, respectively, with a cost reduction of 36%. Moreover, it still has cost-effectiveness when the price of lithium carbonate drops to 100000 tons.
3) On the performance side, the electrochemical performance comprehensively surpasses that of lead-acid batteries, with better rate and safety performance than lithium batteries. The estimated global demand for sodium ion batteries in 2026/2030 is 113/526GWh, corresponding to CAGR of 196.4/45.9% from 2023 to 2026/2026 and 2030, respectively.
2. Sodium ion batteries: The principle is similar to lithium-ion batteries and can be compatible with the lithium battery industry chain
1) The working principle of sodium ion batteries is the same as that of lithium-ion batteries, and the main components are basically similar. Like lithium-ion batteries, sodium ion batteries are mainly composed of positive electrode, negative electrode, separator, electrolyte, and current collector. Sodium ion batteries and lithium-ion batteries are both "rocking chair" batteries, which charge and discharge by utilizing the round-trip migration of Na+between the positive and negative electrodes. During charging, Na+is released from the positive electrode and inserted into the negative electrode through the electrolyte membrane, causing the positive electrode to be in a high potential sodium rich state and the negative electrode to be in a low potential sodium rich state. The discharge process is the opposite. Ideally, the charging and discharging process is highly reversible, and Na+insertion and detachment do not damage the crystal structure of the material. Therefore, sodium ion batteries are a type of secondary battery.
2) The structure of the sodium battery industry chain is similar to that of lithium batteries, and some materials and equipment can be shared with lithium batteries, which can accelerate the industrialization process of sodium ion batteries. From the material perspective, the main difference between sodium ion batteries and lithium-ion batteries lies in the differences in positive and negative electrode materials and current collectors, while electrolytes and separators can basically use lithium-ion battery materials. From the perspective of production equipment, pulping, coating, assembly, liquid injection, chemical formation, etc. are common production links for the production of sodium ion batteries and lithium ion batteries. Sodium ion batteries can directly follow the original production line of lithium batteries, thus reducing fixed assets investment and shortening the production capacity construction cycle. In addition, the packaging process of sodium ion batteries also basically follows that of lithium-ion batteries, which are also divided into three categories: cylindrical, soft pack, and square hard shell. Therefore, the synergy between the lithium and sodium battery industry chains will accelerate the process of large-scale production of sodium ion batteries.
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